{"id":1216,"date":"2010-10-07T17:07:46","date_gmt":"2010-10-07T04:07:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/"},"modified":"2015-05-14T11:00:30","modified_gmt":"2015-05-13T23:00:30","slug":"gung-ho-cooperatives","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/gung-ho-cooperatives\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5de5\u5408\u5408\u4f5c\u793e"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<h5><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2263\" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-iccic-logo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"124\" height=\"126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-iccic-logo.jpg 124w, https:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-iccic-logo-70x70.jpg 70w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 124px) 100vw, 124px\" \/>\u5de5\u5408\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\u3002\u6b64\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u5f53\u5e74\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece\u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u6c11\u4e3b\u5408\u4f5c\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u6b64\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7269\u8d44\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/h5>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2268\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2268\" style=\"width: 204px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-spinning-wheels.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-2268  \" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-spinning-wheels.jpg\" alt=\"\u5de5\u5408\u4f1a\u5458\u5728\u6210\u90fd\u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u624b\u7eba\u8f66\u3002\" width=\"204\" height=\"191\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2268\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5de5\u5408\u4f1a\u5458\u5728\u6210\u90fd\u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u624b\u7eba\u8f66\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u5de5\u5408\u5386\u53f2<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u65e9\u671f<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5de5\u5408\u884c\u52a8\u6709\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u30021938\u5e74\uff0c\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/rewi-alley\/\" target=\"_self\">\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece<\/a>, Peg \u548cEdgar Snow\uff0c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u610f\u5411\u5360\u9886\u5168\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u8def\u6613\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6218\u4e89\u4f5c\u8d21\u732e\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u672a\u6765\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5408\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2266\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2266\" style=\"width: 204px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-rewi-alley-bicycle.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-2266  \" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-rewi-alley-bicycle.jpg\" alt=\"\u79d8\u4e66\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u6216\u642d\u4fbf\u8f66\u65c5\u884c\u4e86\u6570\u5343\u516c\u91cc\u3002\" width=\"204\" height=\"241\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2266\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u79d8\u4e66\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u6216\u642d\u4fbf\u8f66\u65c5\u884c\u4e86\u6570\u5343\u516c\u91cc\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5de5\u5408\u5168\u540d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u8def\u6613\u5c06\u5de5\u5408\u4e8c\u5b57\u5f53\u505a\u4e86\u7ec4\u7ec7\u56fe\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e24\u5e74\u5728\u5b8b\u5e86\u9f84\u592b\u4eba\u4e3a\u9886\u8896\u548c\u8def\u6613\u4e3a\u79d8\u4e66\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u884c\u52a8\u6269\u6563\u5230\u4e86\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u3002\u5341\u516d\u7701\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e863000\u591a\u4e2a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u548c300,000\u540d\u4f1a\u5458\u3002\u884c\u52a8\u4ece\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u56fd\u6297\u4e89\u65e5\u672c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6350\u6b3e\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u897f\u5170\uff0cCORSO \u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u5de5\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1942\u5e74\uff0c\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece\u88ab\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u653f\u5e9c\u4ece\u5de5\u5408\u9010\u653e\u540e\u5c06\u7cbe\u529b\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4e86\u57f9\u9ece\u5b66\u6821\u4e0a\u3002\u5de5\u5408\u884c\u52a8\u9010\u6e10\u7684\u6d88\u6563\u4e86<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2267\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2267\" style=\"width: 204px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-rewi-alley-xinxiang.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2267  \" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/gungho-rewi-alley-xinxiang.jpg\" alt=\"1983\u5e74\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece\u5728\u6cb3\u5357\u65b0\u4e61\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5408\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\" width=\"204\" height=\"174\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1983\u5e74\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece\u5728\u6cb3\u5357\u65b0\u4e61\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5408\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u91cd\u5efa<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8def\u661385\u5c81\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u89c9\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u6539\u9769\u7b56\u7565\u4e3a\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u590d\u5174\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u6247\u95e8\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e\u6218\u671f\u65f6\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u6570\u540d\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u8896\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6d3b\u4e86\u5de5\u5408\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\uff08\u8def\u66131932\u5e74\u65f6\u505a\u8fc7\u6297\u6d2a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff09\uff0c\u5c71\u4e39\uff08\u7518\u8083\u7701\uff0c\u8def\u6613\u4ece1944-52\u5e74\u5e26\u9886\u8fc7\u57f9\u9ece\u5b66\u6821\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5f00\u59cb\u57f9\u517b\u5c0f\u578b\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1987\u5e74\u8def\u6613\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4e3a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4ece\u6fb3\u6d32\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u62db\u6536\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u65b0\u4f1a\u5458\u3002\u81ea1987\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u6027\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5973\u6743\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u6276\u8d2b\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u7518\u8083\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\uff0c\u6cb3\u5317\uff0c\u6cb3\u5357\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u4e91\u5357\uff0c\u8d35\u5dde\uff0c\u5b89\u5fbd\u548c\u5409\u6797\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u529f\u8ba9\u5de5\u5408\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5de5\u5408\u4e0e\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u4f9b\u9500\u5408\u4f5c\u603b\u793e\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u5168\u56fd\u624b\u5de5\u5408\u4f5c\u603b\u793e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\u534f\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u5320\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u53ca\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u4e50\u65bd\u4f1a\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u8ba1\u5212\u6148\u5584\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u65b0\u897f\u5170\uff0c\u6fb3\u6d32\uff0c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90fd\u5bf9\u5de5\u5408\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u63f4\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5012\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5012\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/DSC_3095.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-5012  \" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/DSC_3095-250x161.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"161\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5012\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u65b0\u4e3b\u7ba1\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c2010\u5e749\u6708<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u5de5\u5408\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8054\u5408\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u65b0\u6cd5\u5219\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u8bae\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u5728\u5173\u6ce8\u6d4e\u8d2b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u519c\u6751\u548c\u4e61\u4e0b\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u5408\u4f5c\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u626e\u6f14\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><b>\u590d\u5174\u540e\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece1987\u52301999\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece\u5408\u4f5c\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8d22\u653f\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5de5\u5408\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e09\u5904\u5408\u4f5c\u9886\u5bfc\u533a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728\u7518\u8083\u5c71\u4e39\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\u6d2a\u6e56\u53ca\u5c71\u4e1c\u9f99\u53e3\u548c\u84ec\u83b1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u6570\u7684\u6751\u7ea7\u5de5\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1995\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u5987\u5973\u534f\u4f1a\u5408\u4f5c\u5728\u6cb3\u5317\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u4e61\u4e0b\u5987\u5973\u52b3\u5de5\u53ca\u4e0b\u5c97\u5973\u5de5\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2001\u81f32005\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u4e0e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u534f\u4f1a\u4e00\u8d77\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u4e2d\u52a0\u5de5\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u534f\u5b9a\u3002\u9879\u76ee\u5728\u5409\u6797\u68a8\u6811\uff0c\u6cb3\u5357\u767b\u5c01\u53ca\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e3e\u884c\u4e8625\u6b21\u5408\u4f5c\u57f9\u8bad\u548c10\u6b21\u5408\u4f5c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u53c2\u52a0\u4eba\u6570\u8fbe\u5230\u4e862352\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece2001\u52302003\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u6cb3\u5317\u66f2\u9633\u5b8b\u5bb6\u5e84\u4f55\u6e05\u660e\u5de5\u5408\u8bca\u6240\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cb3\u5317\u5987\u5973\u5065\u5eb7\u63f4\u52a9\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u4e61\u4e0b\u793e\u533a\u53d1\u5c55\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u603b\u5171\uff0c386\u540d\u5987\u5973\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u57f9\u8bad\uff0c219\u540d\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u53ca\u88ab\u6cbb\u7597\u7684167\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5007\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5007\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/NZ-Ambassador-2004-gungho.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-5007   \" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/NZ-Ambassador-2004-gungho-250x167.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"167\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5007\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u9a7b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u4f7fJohn McKinnon\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee\u6d2a\u6e56\u6b8b\u75be\u52b3\u5de5\u8863\u7269\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u30022004\u5e742\u67081\u65e5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u4ece2004\u5e74\u5de5\u5408\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8054\u5408\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u5408\u4f5c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u65b0\u7acb\u6cd5\u3002\u519c\u6c11\u4e13\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u6cd5\u4e8e2006\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c2007\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u542f\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e3a\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u53d1\u626c\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2005\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u56db\u5ddd\u519c\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5de5\u5408\u7f16\u8f91\u4e86\u6c49\u82f1\u53cc\u8bed\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\u8d44\u6599\u7136\u540e\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u4ec1\u5bff\u548c\u5929\u5168\u53bf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e868\u6b21\u57f9\u8bad\u96c6\u4f1a\u3002\u5de5\u5408\u4e5f\u4e3e\u529e\u4e8611\u6b21\u5408\u4f5c\u54a8\u8be2\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6d3b\u52a8\u603b\u5171\u6709233\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86426\u4efd\u57f9\u8bad\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e1b2006-2009\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u4e0e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8054\u5408\u534f\u4f1a\u5408\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a3\u5e74\u201c\u4e2d\u52a0\u6d4e\u8d2b\u5408\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u201d\uff08CRPRC\uff09\u3002\u9879\u76ee\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u7518\u8083\u5c71\u4e39\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u4ec1\u5bff\u548c\u9655\u897f\u9ed4\u9633\u4e3e\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u89c9\u609f\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u57f9\u8bad\u8bfe\u3002\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8054\u5408\u534f\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u2018\u53d1\u5c55\u7ea7\u522b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u2019(DLA)\u5de5\u5177\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ba1\u7406\u6c34\u5e73\u53ca\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2007\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u2018\u4e3a\u5b81\u590f\u5987\u5973\u2019\u7684\u9080\u8bf7\u4e0b\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u4e3a\u5b81\u590f\u540c\u5fc3\u53bf\u9a6c\u9ad8\u5e84\u9547\u7684\u5987\u5973\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5408\u4f5c\u57f9\u8bad\u4e0e\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2008\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u6b27\u81ea\u7136\u68ee\u6797\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u5b9d\u5174\uff0c\u5e73\u6b66\u548c\u6e56\u5357\u6c38\u987a\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u5408\u4f5c\u57f9\u8bad\u53ca\u54a8\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5016\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5016\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/Sept.Oct-09-0631.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-5016   \" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/Sept.Oct-09-0631-250x187.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"187\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5016\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">2008\u5e74\u5927\u5730\u9707\u540e\uff0c\u6b64\u9879\u76ee\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e86\u56db\u5ddd\u5f6d\u6d32\u9ec4\u5e84\u91cd\u5efa1.2\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u704c\u6e20<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>2008\u548c2009\u5e74\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u63f4\u6c76\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u7684\u91cd\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u5de5\u5408\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5f6d\u5dde\u9ec4\u5e84\u6062\u590d\u91cd\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u53ca\u5f6d\u6d32\u5927\u666f\u5c71\u79cd\u8336\u5408\u4f5c\u57f9\u8bad\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2009\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u5e86\u795d\u4e86\u7acb\u4f1a70\u5468\u5e74\u7eaa\u5ff5\u65e5\u3002\u201c\u5de5\u540870\u5468\u5e74\u5e86\u5178\u201d\u4e8e6\u670829\u65e5\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5b8b\u5e86\u9f84\u7684\u524d\u4f4f\u6240\u4e3e\u884c\u300270\u591a\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6b21\u5e86\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Michael Crook\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5f00\u5e55\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0a\u53d1\u8a00\u3002\u4ed6\u6b22\u8fce\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5609\u5bbe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e86\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u5f88\u671f\u671b\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u53d1\u5c55\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u5609\u5bbe\u5305\u62ec\u4e86 Karen Carlson Loving\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f Evans Carlson\u4e2d\u6821\u7684\u5b59\u5973\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u540d\u4ed6\u7684\u58eb\u5175\u3002Carlson \u662f30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u7684\u6b66\u5b98\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u201c\u5de5\u5408\u201d\u505a\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7cbe\u9510\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u30021942\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e3\u53f7\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u90e8\u961f\u53d8\u7684\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u5728\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5de5\u5408\u7cbe\u795e\u800c\u8868\u793a\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u4e1d\u65d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u52a0\u5e86\u5178\u7684\u5609\u5bbe\u5305\u62ec\u4e86Carl Worker\uff0c\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u9a7b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\uff1b Isabel Crook\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u987e\u95ee\uff1b \u5510\u95fb\u751f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b8b\u5e86\u9f84\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff1b\u548c\u8c22\u5143\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5bf9\u5916\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u603b\u88c1\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\uff0c\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u548c\u5de5\u5408\u524d\u59d4\u5458Bill Willmott \u9001\u53bb\u4e86\u8d3a\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2010\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u534f\u4f1a\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u5c71\u897f\u5bff\u9633\u548c\u91d1\u949f\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u5efa\u7b51\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ca\u5408\u4f5c\u57f9\u8bad<\/p>\n<p><b>\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5de5\u5408<\/b><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5011\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5011\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/DSC_3080.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-5011  \" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/DSC_3080-250x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"146\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5011\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">2010\u5e749\u6708\u5de5\u5408\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08\u4f1a\u957fMichael Crook\u672a\u5728\u7167\u7247\u91cc\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u81ea\u5de5\u54081984\u5e74\u91cd\u5efa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6570\u540d\u7684\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u5de5\u5408\u4f1a\u5458\u3002\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u524d\u4f1a\u957f\u4e0e\u59d4\u5458Bill Willmott\u6559\u6388\u5728\u5de5\u5408\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u670d\u52a1\u52302006\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u534f\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458Dave Bromwich\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\u30022010\u5e74\u7684\u7b2c5\u6b215\u5e74\u5ea6\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u5de5\u54084\u4f4d\u526f\u4f1a\u957f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u4e0e2007\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1992\u5e74\uff0c\u534f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4e86\u6d2a\u6e56\u6b8b\u75be\u5458\u5de5\u8863\u7269\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u4e00\u7b14\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u6350\u732e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u7684\u8865\u52a9\u8ba1\u5212\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8865\u52a9\uff1b\u603b\u5171\u5411\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u6350\u4e86$4000\u65b0\u5e01\u3002\u8fd9\u7b14\u94b1\u5e2e\u52a9\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u7f1d\u7eab\u673a\uff0c\u8ba9\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6d77\u5916\u5408\u540c\u53ca\u4f1a\u5458\u6570\u3002 \u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u8be5\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u670960\u591a\u540d\u4f1a\u5458\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u745e\u58eb\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u4f53\u80b2\u7528\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u5f53\u5730\u5de5\u5382\u51fa\u54c1\u5de5\u4f5c\u670d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u504f\u50fb\u7684\u5c71\u4e39\uff0c\u7518\u8083\u7701\u6700\u7a77\u7684\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u5e2e\u52a9\u5efa\u7acb\u4e8612\u4e2a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9020\u7eb8\u5382\uff0c\u7f16\u7eba\u5382\uff0c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u519c\u573a\uff0c\u5851\u6599\u56de\u6536\u5382\u4ee5\u53ca\u9999\u7682\u5de5\u5382\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u90fd\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u4e3a\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4e3a\u5730\u533a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u7684\u6d3e\u4eba\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5008\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5008\" style=\"width: 244px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/exec2000-gungho.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-5008  \" src=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/10\/exec2000-gungho.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"244\" height=\"165\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5008\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">2000\u5e7411\u670816\u65e5\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u53cb\u534f\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5f00\u4f1a\u540e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u59d4\u5458\u4e3a\uff1a\u4ece\u5de6Xiao Weixiang\uff0c Michael Crook (\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d)\uff0c Mu Jingmei \uff08\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\uff0cPat Adler\uff0c Lu Wanru\uff08\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09\uff0cBill Willmott\uff0c Guo Lina\uff08\u6267\u884c\u79d8\u4e66\uff09\uff0c Wang Houde\uff08\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09\uff0c Lu Suhui\uff08\u4f1a\u8ba1\uff09\uff0c Zhang Longhai\uff0c Tang Zongkun. \uff08Zhang Longhai\u5148\u751f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u524d\u5927\u4f7f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>2000\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u534f\u4f1a\u4f1a\u957fBill Willmott\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u534f\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5de5\u5408\u5973\u5b50\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5987\u5973\u534f\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5987\u5973\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6751\u91cc\u7684\u7eba\u7ec7\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u4e3a57\u540d\u5987\u5973\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6536\u5165\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5e02\u5185\u7684\u6821\u8f66\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u597d\u5904\uff1a\u4e3a\u5931\u4e1a\u7684\u5987\u5973\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b66\u751f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4ea4\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b66\u6821\u95e8\u524d\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4ea4\u901a\u5835\u585e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea2006\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u534f\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5de5\u5408\uff0c\u5c71\u4e39\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u548c\u5c71\u4e39\u57f9\u9ece\u5b66\u6821\u5408\u4f5c\u5728\u7518\u8083\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6d4e\u8d2b\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u4ece\u5c71\u4e39\u53bf\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5c06\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u5ea6\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u81f32011\u5e74\u6708\uff0c\u5c71\u4e39\u53bf\u670931\u4e2a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u662f\u534f\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u6d88\u8d39\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u53ca\u673a\u68b0\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u8ba9\u5c71\u4e39\u53bf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u5408\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u6a21\u8303\u53bf\u3002\u5728\u57f9\u9ece\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u4f5c\u57f9\u8bad\u73ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5f20\u6396\u533a\u76844\u4e2a\u53bf\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4ece2008\u5e749\u6708\u52302010\u5e746\u6708\u589e\u52a0\u4e8613\u4e2a\u5de5\u5408\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u521b\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2008\u5e74\u6c76\u5ddd\u5927\u5730\u9707\u540e\uff0c\u534f\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u5f6d\u6d32\u5b9e\u884c\u4e862\u4e2a\u91cd\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u770b\u2018\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u5730\u9707\u6551\u63f4\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u2019\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2009\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u534f\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5de5\u5408\u548c\u9655\u897f\u5987\u5973\u534f\u4f1a\u5408\u4f5c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u5408\u4f5c\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u3002\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5987\u5973\u534f\u4f1a\u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u65b0\u7684\u5987\u5973\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u9879\u76ee\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u30022011\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u9655\u897f\u5b9d\u9e21\u548c\u6c49\u4e2d\u533a\u7684\u65b0\u5de5\u5408\u5408\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002\u6b64\u9879\u76ee\u5148\u57f9\u8bad\u4e00\u6279\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u8d778\u4e2a\u6a21\u8303\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u6b64\u9879\u76ee\u5c06\u5de5\u5408\uff0c\u9655\u897f\u5987\u5973\u534f\u4f1a\u548c\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u5e26\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8d5e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5411\u5b9d\u9e21\u533a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u5bf9\u5de5\u5408\u6d3b\u52a8\u6709\u8fc7\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"http:\/\/iccic.org.cn\/en-index.php\" target=\"_blank\">\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f51\u7ad9<\/a>\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u610f\u52a0\u5165\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u4e8b\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7533\u8bf7\u4f1a\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb<a href=\"mailto:gunghochina@gmail.com\">gunghochina@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a<br \/>\nRoom 805,<br \/>\nJilijiayuan Building 3,<br \/>\nNo 20 Shaoyaoju<br \/>\nChaoyang District<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u8054\u7edc\u4eba\uff1a<br \/>\nDave Bromwich<br \/>\n\u5de5\u5408\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d<br \/>\n\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u5317\u5c9b\u526f\u4f1a\u957f<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:dbromwich@xtra.co.nz\">dbromwich@xtra.co.nz<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6599:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/shandan-visit-lu-wanru-2006.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\u4e03\u8bbf\u5c71\u4e39\u4e00\u827e\u9ece\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5728\u53ec\u5524 \u2013 \u4f5c\u8005:\u5442\u5b9b\u5982(2006)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/cn.nzchinasociety.org.nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/rewi-alley-speech-bill-willmott-2007.pdf\">\u4e91\u8fbe\u5fe0\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5de5\u5408\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff082007\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5de5\u5408\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\u3002\u6b64\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u5f53\u5e74\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece\u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u6c11\u4e3b\u5408\u4f5c\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u6b64\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7269\u8d44\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002 \u5de5\u5408\u5386\u53f2 \u65e9\u671f \u5de5\u5408\u884c\u52a8\u6709\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u30021938\u5e74\uff0c\u00a0\u8def\u6613\u827e\u9ece, Peg \u548cEdgar Snow\uff0c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u610f\u5411\u5360\u9886\u5168\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u8def\u6613\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6218\u4e89\u4f5c\u8d21\u732e\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u672a\u6765\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5408\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002 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2009\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u5e86\u795d\u4e86\u7acb\u4f1a70\u5468\u5e74\u7eaa\u5ff5\u65e5\u3002\u201c\u5de5\u540870\u5468\u5e74\u5e86\u5178\u201d\u4e8e6\u670829\u65e5\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5b8b\u5e86\u9f84\u7684\u524d\u4f4f\u6240\u4e3e\u884c\u300270\u591a\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6b21\u5e86\u5178\u3002 Michael Crook\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5f00\u5e55\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0a\u53d1\u8a00\u3002\u4ed6\u6b22\u8fce\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5609\u5bbe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e86\u5de5\u5408\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u5f88\u671f\u671b\u5de5\u5408\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u53d1\u5c55\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002 \u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u5609\u5bbe\u5305\u62ec\u4e86 Karen Carlson Loving\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f Evans Carlson\u4e2d\u6821\u7684\u5b59\u5973\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u540d\u4ed6\u7684\u58eb\u5175\u3002Carlson \u662f30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u7684\u6b66\u5b98\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u201c\u5de5\u5408\u201d\u505a\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7cbe\u9510\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u30021942\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e3\u53f7\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u90e8\u961f\u53d8\u7684\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u5728\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5de5\u5408\u7cbe\u795e\u800c\u8868\u793a\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u4e1d\u65d7\u3002 \u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u52a0\u5e86\u5178\u7684\u5609\u5bbe\u5305\u62ec\u4e86Carl Worker\uff0c\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u9a7b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\uff1b Isabel Crook\uff0c\u5de5\u5408\u987e\u95ee\uff1b \u5510\u95fb\u751f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b8b\u5e86\u9f84\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff1b\u548c\u8c22\u5143\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5bf9\u5916\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u603b\u88c1\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\uff0c\u65b0\u4e2d\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u548c\u5de5\u5408\u524d\u59d4\u5458Bill Willmott 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Willmott\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u534f\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5de5\u5408\u5973\u5b50\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3002\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5987\u5973\u534f\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5987\u5973\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6751\u91cc\u7684\u7eba\u7ec7\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u4e3a57\u540d\u5987\u5973\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6536\u5165\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5e02\u5185\u7684\u6821\u8f66\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u597d\u5904\uff1a\u4e3a\u5931\u4e1a\u7684\u5987\u5973\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b66\u751f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4ea4\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b66\u6821\u95e8\u524d\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4ea4\u901a\u5835\u585e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002 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